What does it mean to be underwater on a mortgage?
An underwater mortgage, sometimes called an upside-down mortgage, is a home loan with a higher principal than the home is worth. This happens when property values fall but you still need to repay the original balance of your loan. Mortgages aren't the only loans that can end up underwater.
This situation can occur when property values are falling. In an underwater mortgage, the homeowner may not have any equity available for credit. An underwater mortgage can potentially prevent a borrower from refinancing or selling the home unless they have the cash to pay the loss out of pocket.
In real estate, underwater refers to the situation where a house or other property is worth less than the money owed on the loan. An underwater mortgage is thus a home loan with a higher principal than the free-market value of the home.
Inheriting a house with an underwater mortgage
A good first step is to double check that the home's appraised value is correct. If the home's value is less than the outstanding mortgage balance, you might consider requesting a short sale of the home or a deed in lieu of foreclosure with the lender.
All told, 8% of mortgages taken out this year are underwater — about one in 12 homes purchased in 2022.
However, the bank can't sue you for the deficiency if they get less for it than you owe. That means you can either continue to make payments without the threat of personal liability or you can walk away from the mortgage and the bank can't come after you for it.
Meanwhile, an estimated 270,000 homeowners who purchased a home in 2022 are already underwater on their mortgages, reports data firm Black Knight. That represents roughly 8% of home purchases financed with a mortgage this year.
You might also have difficulty selling your home if your loan is underwater. Most of the time, you use the balance from the sale to pay down your existing mortgage when you sell your home. But you might not be able to get enough money to cover all your outstanding principal when you're underwater.
For instance, say your total mortgage debt is $510,000. Based on your research and after speaking to several real estate agents, you determine the likely market value of your home is $475,000. Take $475,000 and subtract $510,000. You get a negative $35,000.
The bank can sell the house at auction for any amount less than the total amount owing of the debt plus fees. A deficiency judgment can arise if the bank sells the house for less than the mortgage debt. The lender then holds you responsible for the unpaid portion of the loan.
Can you sell a house with an underwater mortgage?
Selling: If you're underwater, you will also have a hard time selling. If you can't make enough from the sale to cover your mortgage balance, you'll be responsible for making up the difference.
If you have a death certificate and proof of inheritance, like a will, this should be a relatively simple process. The heir will continue making payments wherever the original homeowner left off in order to prevent foreclosure. Payments may be required even before the mortgage account is legally assumed by the heir.
Your mortgage lender still needs to be repaid and could foreclose on your home if that doesn't happen. In most cases, the responsibility of the mortgage will be passed to the beneficiary of the home if there is a will.
The expressions “house poor” and “house broke” refer to the situation where homeowners have bought homes beyond their means. They end up spending all their income on repairs and expenses, forgoing vacations and discretionary spending.
Delinquencies increased by 16% year over year as consumers grapple with evolving macroeconomic challenges. With roughly 84 million mortgages active in the U.S., according to data from LendingTree, that would mean about 1,092,000 Americans are more than 60 days past due on their mortgages.
As of Q2 of 2023, the quarterly and annual changes in negative equity were: Quarterly change: From Q1 of 2023 to Q2 of 2023, the total number of mortgaged homes in negative equity decreased by 6%, to 1.11 million homes or 2% of all mortgaged properties.
If your mortgage is underwater, refinancing may be difficult because you have negative equity. Most lenders want you to have some equity before refinancing because if you default on the mortgage, the lender has a better chance at selling the home without taking a loss.
For any number of reasons, homeowners may struggle with their mortgage payments. Falling behind on payments or missing payments, though, can lead to what's called mortgage default. Once this happens, your house can go into foreclosure, and you may lose your home altogether.
Refinancing After Divorce. There are two ways to remove a divorced partner from a mortgage: obtaining a release of liability from the lender or refinancing the mortgage. A release from liability is easier, but counts on the lender granting permission.
Debt type | Average balance (2023, Q3) | Total Balance (2023, Q4) |
---|---|---|
Mortgage debt (Excluding HELOCs) | $244,498 | $12.25 trillion |
HELOCs | $42,139 | $360 billion |
Auto loan | $23,792 | $1.61 trillion |
Credit card debt | $6,501 | $1.13 trillion |
How much does the average person owe on their mortgage?
FIGURE | AMOUNT |
---|---|
Average mortgage debt, 2023 | $244,498 |
Average mortgage payment, 2021 | $1,427 |
Total home equity revolving debt, Q4 2023 | $360 billion |
Average HELOC value, 2023 | $42,139 |
2020 findings by generation | Gen Z (ages 24 and younger) | Gen X (ages 41 to 56) |
---|---|---|
Average mortgage debt | $172561 | $245127 |
Average 30–59 days past due delinquency rates | 1.60% | 3.30% |
Average 60–89 days past due delinquency rates | 1.00% | 1.80% |
Average 90–180 days past due delinquency rates | 2.50% | 5.30% |
Key findings. If you're still paying off your mortgage, renting is likely cheaper than owning in each of the nation's 50 largest metros. The difference in 2022 between median housing costs for homes with a mortgage and median gross rent was $563 a month — $1 less than $564 in 2021.
You may have a tough time getting a refinance because lenders can't loan out more money than your property is worth. In this example, you could only refinance up to $120,000 of your home loan because that's what your home is worth. You'd need to pay off your negative equity before you qualify.
While it is possible, the process of refinancing an upside-down mortgage loan is usually a long and tedious one. It is also common that these loans require more documentation to verify things like income, employment, etc. It is important, therefore, that an applicant and loan officer remain patient and diligent.
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